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Sacred Mountain

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Mount Sinai (Hebrew: הר סיני Har Sinai; Aramaic: ܛܘܪܐ ܕܣܝܢܝ Ṭūrāʾ Dsyny), also known as Jabal Musa (Arabic: جَبَل مُوسَىٰ, translation: Mount Moses), is a mountain on the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt. It is possibly the location of the biblical Mount Sinai, the place where, according to the Torah, Bible, and Quran, Moses received the Ten Commandments.

It is a 2,285-metre (7,497 ft), moderately high mountain near the city of Saint Catherine in the region known today as the Sinai Peninsula. It is surrounded on all sides by higher peaks in the mountain range of which it is a part. For example, it lies next to Mount Catherine which, at 2,629 m or 8,625 ft, is the highest peak in Egypt.

Geology

Jebel Musa in the 1869 Ordnance Survey of the Peninsula of Sinai, shown north of Mount Catherine (Jebel Katarina) and south of Willow Peak (Ras es-Safsafeh) 
Mount Sinai&#39;s rocks were formed during the late stage of the evolution of the Arabian-Nubian Shield. Mount Sinai displays a ring complex&nbsp;&nbsp;that consists of alkaline granites intruded into diverse rock types, including volcanics. The granites range in composition from syenogranite to alkali feldspar granite. The volcanic rocks are alkaline to peralkaline, and they are represented by subaerial flows and eruptions and subvolcanic porphyry. Generally, the nature of the exposed rocks in Mount Sinai indicates that they were formed at different depths from one another.[citation needed]

Religious significance 
Judaism/Christianity 
Main article: Mount Sinai (Bible) 
Immediately north of the mountain is the 6th-century Saint Catherine&#39;s Monastery. The summit has a mosque that is still used by Muslims, and a Greek Orthodox chapel, constructed in 1934 on the ruins of a 16th-century church, that is not open to the public. The chapel encloses the rock which is considered to be the source for the biblical Tablets of Stone.&nbsp;At the summit also is &quot;Moses&#39; cave&quot;, where Moses was said to have waited to receive the Ten Commandments.

Islam 
The Jabal Musa is associated with the Islamic prophet Musa (Moses).&nbsp;In particular, numerous references to Jabal Musa exist in the Quran,&nbsp;where it is called Ṭūr Sīnāʾ,&nbsp;Ṭūr Sīnīn] and aṭ-Ṭūr&nbsp;&nbsp;and al-Jabal (both meaning &quot;the Mount&quot;).&nbsp;As for the adjacent Wād Ṭuwā (Valley of Tuwa), it is considered as being muqaddas&nbsp;&nbsp;(sacred),&nbsp;and a part of it is called Al-Buqʿah Al-Mubārakah (&quot;The Blessed Place&quot;).&nbsp;It is the place where Musa spoke to his Lord.[clarification needed]

<img alt="Saint Catherine's Monastery, looking down from Mount Sinai" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/St_Catherines_From_Sinai.JPG/240px-St_Catherines_From_Sinai.JPG" /> 
Saint Catherine&#39;s Monastery, looking down from Mount Sinai

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<img alt="The mosque at the summit" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/MasjidMountSinai.jpg/240px-MasjidMountSinai.jpg" /> 
The mosque at the summit

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<img alt="The chapel at the summit" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Greek_Orthodox_Chapel_at_top_of_Mt_Sinai.jpg/240px-Greek_Orthodox_Chapel_at_top_of_Mt_Sinai.jpg" /> 
The chapel at the summit

Ascent and summit 
There are two principal routes to the summit. The longer and shallower route, Siket El Bashait, takes about 2.5 hours on foot, though camels can be used. The steeper, more direct route (Siket Sayidna Musa) is up the 3,750 &quot;steps of penitence&quot; in the ravine behind the monastery.

<img alt="Sunrise" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/MtSinaiJune2006.JPG/240px-MtSinaiJune2006.JPG" /> 
Sunrise

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<img alt="View from the summit" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%89.jpg/269px-%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%89.jpg" /> 
View from the summit

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<img alt="The last few meters of the climb up the mountain" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/NearSinaiTop.JPG/240px-NearSinaiTop.JPG" /> 
The last few meters of the climb up the mountain

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